Bangladesh’s history as a civilized nation goes back more than four thousand years to the Chalcolithic. The country’s earliest recorded history is characterized by a succession of Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms and empires that struggled for control over the Bengal region.
Islam in Bangladesh
Islam arrived during the 8th century AD and gradually prevailed from the early 13th century with the conquests led by Bakhtiar Khilji as well as the activities of Sunni missionaries such as Shah Jalal in the region. Later, Muslim rulers started propagating Islam by building mosques. From the 14th century onwards, it was ruled by the Kingdom of Bengal, founded by Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah, who coined an individual currency bearing his name. He conquered Chittagong for the first time and merged it into Bengal Empire. He built the highway from Chandpur to Chittagong for the first time. The Bengal Empire was expanded by King Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah, ushering in a period of economic prosperity and military dominance over regional kingdoms.
Fall of Mughal Empire
After the fall of the Mughal Empire, Bengal became a semi-independent state under the Nawabs of Bengal, eventually led by Siraj-ud-Daulah. It was later conquered by the British East India Company in the Battle of Plassey in 1757.
Modern Bangladesh
The borders of modern Bangladesh were established with the separation of Bengal between India and Pakistan during the Partition of India in August 1947. When the region became part of the newly formed state of Pakistan following the end of British rule in the region. The declaration of Bangladeshi independence in 1971 led to the nine-month long Bangladesh War of Independence, which resulted in the emergence of East Pakistan as the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. In 1971, the independence of Bangladesh was announced by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
After independence, Mujibur Rahman became the first President of Bangladesh and later served as its Prime Minister. He worked on rebuilding the war-torn country but faced challenges such as economic difficulties and political instability.
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